Dynamic balance performance of professional turkish soccer players by playing position
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2019.0502Keywords:
neuromuscular control, screening, performance, postural stabilityAbstract
Background and Study Aim: Balance control has been regarded as a crucial factor in sports and indicated as an important element to be examined for the risks of injury. But it is unknown whether the dynamic balance changes according to the player positions in professional soccer players. To determine whether there were differences in the dynamic balance performance of the different positions of Turkish professional soccer players from within one squad. Material and Methods: Twenty-four professional soccer players were divided into 4 groups by the coach, including goalkeepers (n = 3), midfielders (n = 6), defenders (n = 7) and forwards (n = 8). Prior the competition season, anthropometric characteristics of players were measured. Then, players were tested Y Balance Test (YBT) for the anterior (ANT), posteromedial (PM), and posterolateral (PL) reach distances and limb lengths bilaterally. Results: The goalkeepers were heavier compared with the midfielders. Furthermore, the BMI of the goalkeepers were higher than midfielders and defenders (p< 0.05). There were no significant differences in the ANT, PM, PL, and COMP score between the groups (p> 0.05). The values for reach asymmetry were lower than four centimeters among groups in the all reach direction with regards to reach asymmetries, except normalized posterolateral direction. Conclusions: The results of this study have shown that the YBT performance scores do not differ between the groups. Future studies are required to create specific norms related to dynamic balance performance and establish risk cut-off score for professional soccer players.Downloads
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References
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https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000906
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https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2014.944302
22. Paillard T, Noe F, Riviere T, Marion V, Montoya R, Dupui P. Postural performance and strategy in the unipedal stance of soccerplayers at different levels of competition. Journal of Athletic Training, 2006; 41 (2): 172–176.
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https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-47.3.08
25. Scott BR., Lockie RG, Davies SJ, Clark AC, Lynch DM, Janse de Jong, X.AK. The physical demands of professional soccer players during in-season field-based training and match-play. Journal of Australian Strength and Conditioning, 2014; 22(4): 48-52.
26. Lockie RG, Moreno MR, Lazar A, Orjalo AJ, Giuliano DV, Risso FG, Jalilvand F. The physical and athletic performance characteristics of Division I collegiate female soccer players by position. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2018; 32 (2): 334-343.
https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001561
27. Johnston W, Duignan C, Coughlan GF, Caulfield B. Dynamic balance performance varies by position but not by age group in elite Rugby Union players–a normative study. Journal of Sports Science, 2019; 37 (11): 1308- 1311.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2018.1557360
28. Butz SM, Sweeney JK, Roberts PL, Rauh MJ. Relationships among age, gender, anthropometric characteristics, and dynamic balance in children 5 to 12 years old. Pediatric Physical Therapy, 2015; 27 (2): 126- 133.
https://doi.org/10.1097/PEP.0000000000000128
29. Ozunlu N, Basari GO, Baltaci G. The effects of carrying extra weight on ankle stability in adolescent basketball players. The Foot, 2010; 20 (2): 55–60.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foot.2010.03.006
30. Gribble PA, Hertel J. Considerations for normalizing measures of the Star Excursion Balance Test. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 2003; 7 (2): 89- 100.
https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327841MPEE0702_3
31. Tabrizi HB, Abbasi A, Sarvestani HJ. Comparing the static and dynamic balances and their relationship with the anthropometrical characteristics in the athletes of selected sports. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 2013; 15 (2): 216-221.
32. Arela JA, Jeka JJ, Clark JE. Postural control in children. Coupling to dynamic somatosensory information. Experimental Brain Research, 2003; 150: 434– 442.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-003-1441-5
33. Forssberg H, Nashner LM. Ontogenetic development of postural control in man: Adaptation to altered support and visual conditions during stance. Journal of Neuroscience, 1982; 2: 545– 552.
https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.02-05-00545.1982
34. Gkrilias P, Zavvos A, Fousekis K, Billis E, Matzaroglou C, Tsepis E. Dynamic balance asymmetries in pre-season injury-prevention screening in healthy young soccer players using the Modified Star Excursion Balance Test—a pilot study. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2018; 30 (9): 1141- 1144.
https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.30.1141
https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-47.5.14
2. Gerbino PG, Griffin ED, Zurakowski D. Comparison of standing balance between female collegiate dancers and soccer players. Gait Posture, 2007; 26 (4): 501– 507.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2006.11.205
3. Steindl R, Kunz K, Schrott-Fischer A, Scholtz AW. Effect of age and sex on maturation of sensory systems and balance control. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 2006; 48: 477–482.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0012162206001022
4. Bressel E, Yonker JC, Kras J, Heath EM. Comparison of static and dynamic balance in female collegiate soccer, basketball, and gymnastics athletes. Journal of Athletic Training. 2007; 42 (1): 42–46.
5. Agel J, Evans TA, Dick R, Putukian M, Marshall SW. Descriptive epidemiology of collegiate men’s soccer injuries: National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance System, 1988–1989 through 2002–2003. Journal of Athletic Training, 2007; 42 (4): 270–277.
6. Kiani A, Hellquist E, Ahlqvist K, Gedeborg R, Michaelsson K, Byberg L. Prevention of soccer-related knee injuries in teenaged girls. Archives of Internal Medicine, 2010; 170 (1): 43– 49.
https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2009.289
7. Read PJ, Oliver JL, De Ste Croix MBA, Myer GD, Lloyd RS. Assessment of injury risk factors in male youth soccer players. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2016; 38 (1): 12-21.
https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0000000000000184
8. Read PJ, Oliver JL, Croix MBDS, Myer GD, Lloyd RS. Neuromuscular risk factors for knee and ankle ligament injuries in male youth soccer players. Sports Medicine, 2016; 46(8): 1059-1066.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0479-z
9. Gonell AC, Romero JAP, Soler LM. Relationship between the Y balance test scores and soft tissue injury incidence in a soccer team. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 2015; 10 (7): 955-966.
10. Tropp H, Ekstrand J, Gillquist J. Stabilometry in functional instability of the ankle and its value in predicting injury. Medicine and Science in Sports And Exercise, 1984; 16 (1): 64–6.
https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-198401000-00013
11. Watson AWS. Ankle sprains in players of the field-games Gaelic football and hurling. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 1999; 39 (81): 66–70.
12. Plisky PJ, Rauh MJ, Kaminski TW, Underwood FB. Star Excursion Balance Test as a predictor of lower extremity injury in high school basketball players. The Journal of Orthopedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 2006; 36 (12): 911–919.
https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2006.2244
13. Bizid R, Paillard T. Do the soccer players’ postural activities at national level of competition differ between offensive and defensive players? Science and Sport. 2006; 21: 23– 25.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2005.12.003
14. Onofrei R-R, Amaricai E, Petroman R, Surducan D, Suciu O. Preseason Dynamic Balance Performance in Healthy Elite Male Soccer Players. American Journal of Men’s Health, 2019;13:155798831983192.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1557988319831920
15. Read PJ, Oliver JL, Croix MBDS, Myer GD, Lloyd RS. A review of field-based assessments of neuromuscular control and their utility in male youth soccer players. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2009; 33 (1): 283-299.
https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002069
16. Kubayi A, Paul Y, Mahlangu P, Toriola A. Physical Performance and Anthropometric Characteristics of Male South African University Soccer Players. Journal of Human Kinetics. 2017; 60 (1): 153- 158.
https://doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2017-0098
17. Ostojic S. M. Comparing sports injuries in soccer: Influence of a positional role. Research in Sports Medicine, 2003; 11 (3): 203-208.
https://doi.org/10.1080/15438620390231229
18. Hirabayashi S, Iwasaki Y. Developmental perspective of sensory organisation on postural control. Brain and Development, 1995; 17: 111- 113.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0387-7604(95)00009-Z
19. Grooms DR, Palmer T, Onate JA, Myer GD, Grindstaff T. Soccer-specific warm-up and lower extremity injury rates in collegiate male soccer players. Journal of Athletic Training, 2013; 48(6): 782- 789.
https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-48.4.08
20. Engquist KD, Smith C. A, Chimera NJ, Warren M. Performance comparison of student-athletes and general college students on the functional movement screen and the Y balance test. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2015; 29 (8): 2296- 2303.
https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000906
21. Pau M, Ibba G, Leban B, Scorcu M. Characterization of static balance abilities in elite soccer players by playing position and age. Research in Sports Medicine, 2014; 22 (4): 355-367.
https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2014.944302
22. Paillard T, Noe F, Riviere T, Marion V, Montoya R, Dupui P. Postural performance and strategy in the unipedal stance of soccerplayers at different levels of competition. Journal of Athletic Training, 2006; 41 (2): 172–176.
23. Parizkova S. Body fat and physical fitness. The Hague, The Netherlands. Martinus Nijhoff BV; 2012.
24. Gribble PA, Hertel J, Plisky P. Using the star excursion balance test to assess dynamic postural-control deficits and outcomes in lower extremity injury: A literature and systematic review. Journal of Athletic Training, 2012; 47 (3): 339– 357.
https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-47.3.08
25. Scott BR., Lockie RG, Davies SJ, Clark AC, Lynch DM, Janse de Jong, X.AK. The physical demands of professional soccer players during in-season field-based training and match-play. Journal of Australian Strength and Conditioning, 2014; 22(4): 48-52.
26. Lockie RG, Moreno MR, Lazar A, Orjalo AJ, Giuliano DV, Risso FG, Jalilvand F. The physical and athletic performance characteristics of Division I collegiate female soccer players by position. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2018; 32 (2): 334-343.
https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001561
27. Johnston W, Duignan C, Coughlan GF, Caulfield B. Dynamic balance performance varies by position but not by age group in elite Rugby Union players–a normative study. Journal of Sports Science, 2019; 37 (11): 1308- 1311.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2018.1557360
28. Butz SM, Sweeney JK, Roberts PL, Rauh MJ. Relationships among age, gender, anthropometric characteristics, and dynamic balance in children 5 to 12 years old. Pediatric Physical Therapy, 2015; 27 (2): 126- 133.
https://doi.org/10.1097/PEP.0000000000000128
29. Ozunlu N, Basari GO, Baltaci G. The effects of carrying extra weight on ankle stability in adolescent basketball players. The Foot, 2010; 20 (2): 55–60.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foot.2010.03.006
30. Gribble PA, Hertel J. Considerations for normalizing measures of the Star Excursion Balance Test. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 2003; 7 (2): 89- 100.
https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327841MPEE0702_3
31. Tabrizi HB, Abbasi A, Sarvestani HJ. Comparing the static and dynamic balances and their relationship with the anthropometrical characteristics in the athletes of selected sports. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 2013; 15 (2): 216-221.
32. Arela JA, Jeka JJ, Clark JE. Postural control in children. Coupling to dynamic somatosensory information. Experimental Brain Research, 2003; 150: 434– 442.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-003-1441-5
33. Forssberg H, Nashner LM. Ontogenetic development of postural control in man: Adaptation to altered support and visual conditions during stance. Journal of Neuroscience, 1982; 2: 545– 552.
https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.02-05-00545.1982
34. Gkrilias P, Zavvos A, Fousekis K, Billis E, Matzaroglou C, Tsepis E. Dynamic balance asymmetries in pre-season injury-prevention screening in healthy young soccer players using the Modified Star Excursion Balance Test—a pilot study. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2018; 30 (9): 1141- 1144.
https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.30.1141
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2019-10-26
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Ateş B. Dynamic balance performance of professional turkish soccer players by playing position. Physical Education of Students. 2019;23(5):223-8. https://doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2019.0502
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