Biomechanics aspects of technique of high jump
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.156374Keywords:
biomechanics, trajectory, pose, sportsmanAbstract
The purpose of work consists in the theoretical ground of optimum biomechanics descriptions in high jumps. A mathematical model is developed for determination of influence on the height of jump: speed and corner of flight of centre-of-mass during pushing away, positions of centre-of-mass body of sportsman in the phases of pushing away and transition through a slat, forces of resistance of air environment, influences of moment of inertia of body. The basic technical run-time errors of sportsman are selected exercises. To biomechanics descriptions, to the step-up effectiveness of high jumps belong: speed of flight of centre-of-mass sportsman (4.2-5.8 meters in a second), corner of flight of centre-of-mass body (50-58 degrees), height of flight of centre-of-mass body (0.85-1.15 meter). Directions of choice of necessary biomechanics descriptions which a sportsman can realize are shown. Offered recommendation on the increase of effectiveness of high jumps.Downloads
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References
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<p>Lees A., Van Renterghem J., De Clercq D., Understanding How An Arm Swing Enhances Performance In The Vertical Jump<i>. Journal Of Biomechanics</i>, 2004, Vol.37, Pp. 1929 - 1940.</p>
<p>Li Li. How Can Sport Biomechanics Contribute To The Advance Of World Record And Best Athletic Performance? <i>Measurement In Physical Education And Exercise Science</i>. 2012, Vol.16(3), Pp. 194-202.</p>
<p>Paasuke M., Ereline J., Gapeyeva H. Knee Extension Strength And Vertical Jumping Performance In Nordic Combined Athletes. <i>Journal Of Sports Medicine And Physical Fitness</i>. 2001, Vol.41, Pp. 354 - 361.</p>
<p>Stefanyshyn D.J., Nigg B.M. Contribution Of The Lower Extremity Joints To Mechanical Energy In Running Vertical Jumps And Running Long Jumps. <i>Journal Of Sports Sciences</i>, 1998, Vol.16, Pp. 177-186.</p>
<p>Volodymyr Adashevsky, Sergii Iermakov, Krzystof Prusik, Katarzyna Prusik, Karol Gorner. <i>Biomechanics: Theory And Practice</i>. Gdansk, Zdrowie-Projekt, 2012, 184 P.</p>
<p>Adashevs'Kij V.M. <i>Metrologiia U Sporti</i> [Metrology In Sport], Kharkov, Kpi Publ., 2010, 76 P.</p>
<p>Bernshtejn N.A. <i>Ocherki Po Fiziologii Dvizhenij I Fiziologii Aktivnosti</i> [Essays On Physiology Of Motions And Physiology Of Activity], Moscow, Medicine, 1966, 349 P.</p>
<p>Laputin A.M. <i>Biomekhanika Sportu</i> [Biomechanics Of Sport], Kiev, Olympic Literature, 2001, 320 P.</p>
<p>Buslenko N.P. <i>Modelirovanie Slozhnykh Sistem</i> [Modeling Of Complex Systems], Moscow, Science, 1988, 400 P.</p>
<p>Dernova V.M. <i>Voprosy Fizicheskogo Vospitaniia Studentov</i> [Questions Of Physical Education Of Students], 1980, Vol.14, Pp. 50-54.</p>
<p>D'Iachkov V.M. <i>Pryzhok V Vysotu S Razbega</i> [High Jump From Running Approach], Moscow, Physical Culture And Sport, 1974, Pp. 287-322.</p>
<p>Iermakov S.S. <i>Obuchenie Tekhnike Udarnykh Dvizhenij V Sportivnykh Igrakh Na Osnove Ikh Komp'Iuternykh Modelej I Novykh Trenazhernykh Ustrojstv </i>[Education To The Technique Of Shock Motions In Sport Games On The Basis Of Their Computer Models And New Trainer Devices], Dokt. Diss., Kiev, 1997, 47 P.</p>
<p>Zaborskij G.A. <i>Individualizaciia Tekhniki Ottalkivaniia U Prygunov V Dlinu I V Vysotu S Razbega Na Osnove Modelirovaniia Dvizhenij</i>[Individualization Of Technique Of Pushing Away For Jumpers In Length And In Height From Running On The Basis Of Design Of Motions], Cand. Diss., Omsk, 2000, 157&Nbsp; P.</p>
<p>Zaciorskij V.M., Aurin A.S., Seluianov V.N. <i>Biomekhanika Dvigatel'Nogo Apparata Cheloveka</i> [Biomechanics Of Motive Vehicle Of A Man], Moscow, Physical Culture And Sport, 1981, 143 P.</p>
<p>Lazarev I.V. <i>Struktura Tekhniki Pryzhkov V Vysotu S Razbega Sposobom Fosberi-Flop</i> [Structure Of Technique Of High Jumps From Running By Means Of Fosbury Flop], Cand. Diss., Moscow, 1983, 20 P.</p>
<p>Laputin A.N. <i>Obuchenie Sportivnym Dvizheniiam</i> [Education To Sport Motions], Kiev, Health, 1986, 216 P.</p>
<p>Mikhajlov N.G., Iakunin H.A., Lazarev I.V. <i>Teoriia I Praktika Fizicheskoj Kul'Tury</i> [Theory And Practice Of Physical Culture], 1981, Vol.2, Pp. 9-11.</p>
<p>Chinko V.E. <i>Osobennosti Tekhnicheskoj Podgotovki Prygunov V Vysotu S Razbega</i> [Features Of Technical Preparation Of High Jumpers From Running], Cand. Diss., Leningrad, 1982, 26 P.</p>
<p>Athanasios Vanezis, Adrian Lees. A Biomechanical Analysis Of Good And Poor Performers Of The Vertical Jump. <i>Ergonomics</i>, 2005, Vol.48(11-14), Pp. 1594 - 1603.</p>
<p>Aura O., Viitasalo J.T. Biomechanical Characteristics Of Jumping. <i>International Journal Of Sports Biomechanics</i>, 1989, Vol.5, Pp. 89-98.</p>
<p>Canavan P.K., Garrett G.E., Armstrong L.E. Kinematic And Kinetic Relationships Between An Olympic Style Lift And The Vertical Jump. <i>Journal Of Strength And Conditioning Research</i>, 1996, Vol.10, Pp. 127-130.</p>
<p>Dapena G. Mechanics Of Translation In The Fosbury Flop. <i>Medicine And Science In Sports And Exercise</i>, 1980, Vol. 12(1), P.P.37 44.</p>
<p>Duda Georg N., Taylor William R., Winkler Tobias, Matziolis Georg, Heller Markus O., Haas Norbert P., Perka Carsten, Schaser Klaus-D. Biomechanical, Microvascular, And Cellular Factors Promote Muscle And Bone Regeneration. <i>Exercise &Amp; Sport Sciences Reviews</i>. 2008, Vol.36(2), Pp. 64-70. Doi: 10.1097/Jes.0b013e318168eb88</p>
<p>Eisenman P.A. The Influence Of Initial Strength Levels On Responses To Vertical Jump Training. <i>Journal Of Sports Medicine And Physical Fitness</i>. 1978, Vol.18, Pp. 227 - 282.</p>
<p>Fukashiro S., Komi P.V. Joint Moment And Mechanical Flow Of The Lower Limb During Vertical Jump. <i>International Journal Of Sport Medicine</i>, 1987, Vol.8, Pp. 15 - 21.</p>
<p>Harman E.A., Rosenstein M.T., Frykman P.N., Rosenstein R.M. The Effects Of Arms And Countermovement On Vertical Jumping. <i>Medicine And Science In Sports And Exercise</i>, 1990, Vol.22, Pp. 825 - 833.</p>
<p>Hay James G. Biomechanical Aspects Of Jumping. <i>Exercise &Amp; Sport Sciences Reviews</i>. 1975, Vol.3(1), Pp. 135-162.</p>
<p>Lees A., Van Renterghem J., De Clercq D., Understanding How An Arm Swing Enhances Performance In The Vertical Jump<i>. Journal Of Biomechanics</i>, 2004, Vol.37, Pp. 1929 - 1940.</p>
<p>Li Li. How Can Sport Biomechanics Contribute To The Advance Of World Record And Best Athletic Performance? <i>Measurement In Physical Education And Exercise Science</i>. 2012, Vol.16(3), Pp. 194-202.</p>
<p>Paasuke M., Ereline J., Gapeyeva H. Knee Extension Strength And Vertical Jumping Performance In Nordic Combined Athletes. <i>Journal Of Sports Medicine And Physical Fitness</i>. 2001, Vol.41, Pp. 354 - 361.</p>
<p>Stefanyshyn D.J., Nigg B.M. Contribution Of The Lower Extremity Joints To Mechanical Energy In Running Vertical Jumps And Running Long Jumps. <i>Journal Of Sports Sciences</i>, 1998, Vol.16, Pp. 177-186.</p>
<p>Volodymyr Adashevsky, Sergii Iermakov, Krzystof Prusik, Katarzyna Prusik, Karol Gorner. <i>Biomechanics: Theory And Practice</i>. Gdansk, Zdrowie-Projekt, 2012, 184 P.</p>
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Published
2013-04-28
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Adashevskiy V, Iermakov S, Marchenko A. Biomechanics aspects of technique of high jump. Physical Education of Students. 2013;17(2):11-7. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.156374
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