COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF COMPETITIVE STATE ANXIETY AMONG TEAM SPORT AND INDIVIDUAL SPORT ATHLETES IN IRAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2016.0508Keywords:
competitive, state anxiety, cognitive anxiety, somatic anxietyAbstract
Purpose: With respect to the fact that every sport field has its own special nature, the aim of present study was to compare competitive state anxiety among team sport and individual sport athletes in Iran. Material: The statistic sample included 120 male athletes, 60 athletes in individual sports (wrestling, taekwondo and karate) and 60 athletes in team sports (futsal, volleyball and basketball). The research instrument employed was the Persian version of the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2. This inventory was distributed among the subjects about 30 minutes before the first competition. Finally by one-way ANOVA data was analyzed. Results: The results indicated that the mean score of somatic anxiety and cognitive anxiety among individual sport athletes was significantly higher than that of team sport athletes (p0.05). Conclusion: It seems the being part of a team alleviates some of the pressure experienced by those who compete alone. It seems the individual sport athletes may be more exposed to evaluation and more engaged in their own skills and abilities than team sport athletes given that responsibility for performance is not distributed across several performers.Downloads
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References
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<p>Patsiaouras A, Papanikolaou Z, Haritonidis K, Nikolaidis D, Keramidas P. The use of the person-centered approach for the reduction of the state-trait anxiety in volleyball players<i>. Journal of Sport Psychology</i> 2008;10(2):24-30.</p>
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<p>Soltani, H. Comparative Analysis of Competitive State Anxiety among Elite and Non-Elite karate Athletes in Iran. <i>Advances in Environmental Biology,</i> 2013;7(7):1244-1248.</p>
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<p>Patsiaouras A, Papanikolaou Z, Haritonidis K, Nikolaidis D, Keramidas P. The use of the person-centered approach for the reduction of the state-trait anxiety in volleyball players<i>. Journal of Sport Psychology</i> 2008;10(2):24-30.</p>
<p>Woodman T, & Hardy L. <i>Handbook of sport psychology</i>, John Wiley & Sons; 2011.</p>
<p>Hammermeister J, & Burton D. Stress, Appraisal, and Coping Revisited: Examining the Antecedents of Competitive State Anxiety with Endurance Athletes. <i>Sport Psychologist,</i> 2001;15(1):66-90. doi:10.1123/tsp.15.1.66</p>
<p>Arent, S. M., & Landers, D.M. <i>Arousal, anxiety, and performance: A reexamination of the inverted-U hypothesis. </i>Res Q Exerc Sport. <b>2003;</b>74(4):436-44. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2003.10609113</p>
<p>Martens R, Burton D, Vealey RS, Bump LA, & Smith DE. <i>Competitive anxiety in sport. </i>Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics; 1990.</p>
<p>Pigozzi F. Role of exercise stress test in master athletes. <i>British Journal of Sports Medicine</i>. 2005;39(8):527–531. doi:10.1136/bjsm.2004.014340</p>
<p>Soltani, H. Comparative Analysis of Competitive State Anxiety among Elite and Non-Elite karate Athletes in Iran. <i>Advances in Environmental Biology,</i> 2013;7(7):1244-1248.</p>
<p>Grossbard JR, Smith RE, Smoll FL, Cumming SP. Competitive anxiety in young athletes: Differentiating somatic anxiety, worry, and concentration disruption. <i>Anxiety, Stress & Coping.</i> 2009;22(2):153–166. doi:10.1080/10615800802020643</p>
<p>Cristina, A. Anxiety and performance in table tennis players. <i>Journal of Sport Psychology</i>, 2004;24:185-204.</p>
<p>Howard, z. a. The Differences between Anxiety and self– confidence between Team and Individual sports college varsity Athletes. <i>International Sports Journal</i>, 2003;7(1):28-33.</p>
<p>Mohsenpour F. <i>Studying and comparing of competitive state anxiety of men athletes in individual and group majors of championship contests of institutions in Khuzestan province. </i>[PhD thesis].Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz; 2003.</p>
<p>Mellalieu SD. <i>A competitive anxiety review: recent directions in sport psychology research. </i>New York: Nova Science Publishers; 2006.</p>
<p>Behzadi F, Mohammadpour A, Hedayatikatooli A, & Nourallahi H. A Description and Comparison of Personality Traits of Competitive Individual and Team Athletes<i>. Annals of Biological Research</i>, 2012;3:36-40.</p>
<p>Adem, C. Comparison of pre and post-game state and trait anxiety levels of individual and team athletes.<i> Journal of Human Sciences, </i>2010;7(1):193-206.</p>
<p>Passand F. <i>Studying and comparing of the amount of the competitive state anxiety in individual and team majors of women participating in the second students’ sports Olympiad across the country</i> [M thesis].Tarbiat Moalem University: Iran; 1997.</p>
<p>Perry J.D. and Williams, J. M. Relationship of intensity and direction of competitive trait anxiety to skill level and gender in tennis. <i>Sport Psychologist</i>, 1998;12:169-179.</p>
<p>Terry Peter C, Munro Angus. Mood and anxiety scores predict winning and losing performances in tennis<i>.</i> In: <i>43rd Australian Psychological Society Annual Conference (APS 2008): Psychology Leading Change</i>, 23-27 Sep 2008, Hobart, Australia; 2008.</p>
<p>Flowers R, & Brown C. Effects of sport context and birth order on state anxiety. <i>Journal of Sport Behavior</i>, 2002;25:41-56.</p>
<p>Arlin C. <i>Guide. Sports and Performance Anxiety. </i>2010.</p>
<p>Simon JA, & Martens R. S.C.A.T. as a predictor of A-states in varying competitive situations. In: D. M. Landers & R. W. Christina (Eds.), <i>Psychology of Motor Behaviour and Sport (Vol. 2),</i> Human Kinetics: Champaign, IL; 1977, p. 146-156.</p>
<p>Ahmed, Shamshad. <i>Psychological basis of physical education. </i>India: Gayan books; 2005.</p>
<p>Mamassis, G. D. The effects of mental training program on juniors pre competitive anxiety, self-confidence and tennis performance. <i>Asian Social Science</i>, 2004;10(18):90-95.</p>
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Published
2016-10-28
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Hossein S, Zahra H, Seyed RAH. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF COMPETITIVE STATE ANXIETY AMONG TEAM SPORT AND INDIVIDUAL SPORT ATHLETES IN IRAN. Physical Education of Students. 2016;20(5):57-61. https://doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2016.0508
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