Effects of 6-weeks Bhastrika Pranayama Intervention on health-related components of physical fitness

Baljinder S. Bal; Parmjit Kaur; Davinder Singh; Manoj Bhardwaj

doi:10.15561/20755279.2021.0404

Authors

Baljinder S. Bal Guru Nanak Dev University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2173-2748
Parmjit Kaur Department of Physical Education, PCM S.D. College for Women, Jalandhar, Punjab, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3370-7366
Davinder Singh Department of Physical Education, Kanya Maha Vidyalaya (Autonomous), Jalandhar Punjab, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0833-6492
Manoj Bhardwaj Department of Physical Education (T), Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0430-7408

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2021.0404

Keywords:

bhastrika pranayama, maximal oxygen, flexibility, muscular strength, muscular endurance

Abstract

Background and Study Aim. The present study investigated the effects of 6-weeks bhastrika pranayama intervention (BPI) program on health-related components of physical fitness. Material and Methods. We used a quasi-experimental design with fifty-two healthy girls (Mean ± SD; age, 23.6346±1.1551 yrs; body height, 158.0961±3.8616 cm; body weight, 55.6826±3.4002 kg) from Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India. The subjects were divided into two groups: Group-A: Bhastrika Pranayama Intervention (BPI); (n1=26) and Group-B: Control; (n2=26). The sample size (N=52) was calculated using the G*Power 3.1.9.7 software. A power of 0.80 (1-β err prob) and significance level (α) of 0.05. Subjects from both groups (pranayama and control) were assessed at baseline and right after 6-weeks. Group-A: (n1=26) subjected to BPI and Group-B: (n2=26) with no training. Results. As compared BPI with the control group, the BPI group had a positive effect on selected health-related components of physical fitness (maximal oxygen consumption - VO2 max 1.3%; flexibility 1.8%; muscle strength 0.2.%). The 6-weeks Bhastrika Pranayama intervention program had no effect on the BPI group with respect to the parameter muscular endurance. Conclusions. Daily practice of Bhastrika pranayama helps to keep lungs more efficient. Additional research is required to completely comprehend the consequences of this breathing exercise. Bhastrika pranayama is known for oxygen-based breathing exercise which helps to fill up the lungs with more oxygen. Bhastrika pranayama interventions with short as well as long duration in future research studies could be beneficial for healthy individuals with respect to health-related fitness components.

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Author Biographies

Baljinder S. Bal, Guru Nanak Dev University

Dr. Baljinder Singh Bal (U.G.C. Research Awardee) is the leading physical educationist who attained (RA) Research Award by U.G.C. - statutory body of the Government of India. He is also the recipient of (M.R.P.) Major & Minor Research Projects. He is working as Assistant Professor in the Department of Physical Education (T) at Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India

Parmjit Kaur, Department of Physical Education, PCM S.D. College for Women, Jalandhar, Punjab, India

Ms. Parmjit Kaur, pursuing Doctor of Philosophy in Physical Education from Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, and has also completed Master of Philosophy in Physical Education (M.Phil.) from Punjabi University Patiala with Maulana Azad National Fellowship (MANF) by University Grants Commission (UGC) and currently working as an Assistant Professor in Physical Education at PCM S.D. College for Women, Jalandhar, Punjab, India since 2017.

Davinder Singh, Department of Physical Education, Kanya Maha Vidyalaya (Autonomous), Jalandhar Punjab, India

Dr. Davinder Singh working as Assistant Professor in the Department of Physical Education, Kanya Maha Vidyalaya, (Autonomous), Jalandhar, Punjab, India. Dr. Singh Received “Award for Excellence in Research” for the Academic Session 2017-18 & 2018-19 from KMV, Jalandhar. Dr. Singh also the recipient of “University Research Scholarship” during the M.Phil (Physical Education) Course by Panjab University, Chandigarh for the Academic Session 2011-2012. Dr. Singh is the recipient of the Seed Money Research Project Entitled “Assessment of Physical Activity Attitude, Eating Behaviour, Social Support, and Socio-Economic Status among the Students of Kanya Maha Vidyalaya, Jalandhar”.

Manoj Bhardwaj, Department of Physical Education (T), Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India

Mr. Manoj Bhardwaj Completed his Graduation (B.Sc. Computer Science) from S.R.P.A Adarsh Bhartiya College, Pathankot, Punjab in 2016. Completed his B.P.E.d. from Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab in 2019. And currently pursuing his M.P.E.d Final from Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar, Punjab, India.

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