Analysis of students’ foot pressure distribution on the ground, as well as their body balance before and after exercise
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2020.0402Keywords:
foot, ground pressure, body balance, physical activity, studentsAbstract
Background and Study Aim: The article presents the results of analyses of students’ foot pressure distribution on the ground, as well as their body balance before and after exercise (Harvard Step Test). The aim of the paper was to carry out a comparative analysis of foot pressure distribution on the ground, as well as assess the degree of body balance before and after exercise. With that purpose in view, the following research hypothesis was formulated: in the students participating in the study, the distribution of foot pressure on the ground and the degree of body balance differ significantly after physical effort compared with the at-rest conditions. Material and Methods: The study encompassed n=48 students, including 37 women and 11 men. The tests were carried out using such tools as: an EPS/R1 podobarographic mat and the impedance methods – i.e. the InBody 270 body composition analyser. An analysis was performed for the parameters concerning body composition, the distribution of foot pressure on the ground, and the level of body balance. Results: The results obtained revealed statistically significant differences in the physiological parameters of foot arching and the functional efficiency of the body balance system under different measurement conditions that reflected the impact of effort stimuli. Conclusions: Significant differences reflecting the impact of the effort stimuli were expected to be achieved during the mathematical analysis of the results of podobarographic tests that allow for the assessment of the physiological parameters of foot arching and the functional efficiency of the body balance system under different measurement conditions. The authors’ assumption was mathematically and statistically confirmed by significant differences foe most of the parameters arising out of the possibilities offered by the research method applied. Comparative assessment unquestionably revealed a negative change in foot arching, as well as lower body posture stability in the female and male subjects, resulting from the physical exercise applied.Downloads
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References
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https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.1273
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https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.25.331
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https://doi.org/10.12659/MSM.889521
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18. Tae-Ho Kim, Chae-Woo Lee, Seong-Gil Kim, Byung-Wook An. The effect of a pelvis-concentrated exercise program on male college students’ body alignment and foot base pressure. J. Phys. Ther. Sci., 2015; 27: 1165–1167.
https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.27.1165
19. Sterkowicz S, Jaworski J, Lech G, Pałka T, Sterkowicz-Przybycień K, Bujas P, et al. Effect of Acute Effort on Isometric Strength and Body Balance: Trained vs. Untrained Paradigm, PLoS One, 2016; 11(5).
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0155985
20. Kruczkowski D, Jaszczur-Nowicki J, Tomiak T. Evaluating the body balance maintaining ability in the endurance effort context. In: Coordination motor abilities in scientific research (Jerzy Sadowski and Tomasz Niźnikowski ed.). Biała Podlaska: Józef Piłsudski Academy of Physical Education in Warsaw. Faculty of Physical Education; 2008. P.294–299.
21. Hyouk Hyong I, Ho Kang J. Comparison of dynamic balance ability in healthy university students according to foot shape. J. Phys. Ther. Sci., 2016; 28: 661–664.
https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.28.661
22. Zanevskyy IP, Nowak S. Balance control of the orthostatic body pose in physical education of students. Physical Education of Students, 2020; 24(1): 63–70.
https://doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2020.0108
23. Duygu A. Examining the Effect of Acute Whole-Body Vibration on Static and Dynamic Balance in Physical Education Students. Journal of Education and Learning, 2019; 8(5): 142–151.
https://doi.org/10.5539/jel.v8n5p142
https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.1273
2. Urych I: Motoryczność człowieka [The motoric nature of man]. Roczniki Naukowe WSWFiT w Białystoku, 2014;10(10):79–82. (in Polish)
3. Malina RM. Physical activity and health of youth. Ovidius University Annals, Series Physical Education & Sport/Science, Movement & Health, 2010;10(2): 271–277.
4. Kruczkowski D, Jaszczur-Nowicki J. Zdolność zachowania równowagi ciała w różnych aspektach biologicznej i sportowej determinacji. [The ability to maintain the balance of the body in various aspects of biological and sporting determination]. Olsztyn: Publishing house of the University of Warmia and Mazury; 2015. (in Polish)
5. Leszczak J, Drzał-Grabiec J, Rykała J, Podgórska-Bednarz J, Rachwał M. Charakterystyka wybranych parametrów antropometrycznych kończyn dolnych w warunkach odciążenia i obciążenia masą własną u dzieci w wieku szkolnym [Characteristics of chosen lower limb anthropometric parameters in non-weight bearing and in weight-bearing conditions in school children]. Medical Review, 2014; 1: 55–61. (in Polish)
6. Grabiec-Drzał J: Wpływ masy ciała na wysklepienie łuku podłużnego stóp [Influence of body mass on longitudinal arch of the feet]. Probl Hig Epidemiol, 2012; 93(2):315–318. (in Polish)
7. Puszczałkowska-Lizis E. Związki kąta Clarke’a z cechami przedniej i tylnej strefy podparcia oraz częstość występowania deformacji stóp u kobiet w wieku geriatrycznym [The relationships of Clarke’s angle with structural features of the forefoot and hindfoot and the prevalence of foot deformity in geriatric patients]. Gerontologia Polska, 2011; 19(1): 33–39.(in Polish)
8. Mickle KJ, Steele JR, Munro BJ. The feet of overweight and obese young children: are they flat or fat? Obesity, 2006; 14(11): 1949–1953.
https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2006.227
9. El O, Akcali O, Kosay C, Kaner B, Arslan Y, Sagol E, et al. Flexible flatfoot and related factors in primary school children: a report of a screening study. Rheumatol Int, 2006; 26: 1050–1053.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-006-0128-1
10. Pfeiffer M, Kotz R, Ledl T, Hauser G, Sluga M. Prevalence of flat foot in preschool – aged children. Pediatrics. 2006; 118: 634–639.
https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2005-2126
11. Michnik R, Jurkoić J, Wodarski P, Gzik M, Jochymczyk-Wożniak K. Bieniek A. The influence of frequency of visual disorders on stabilographic parameters. Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics, 2016; 18(1): 25–33. https://doi.org/10.5277/ABB-00201-2014-04
12. Libardoni TC, de Silveira CB, Sinhorim LMB, de Oliviera AS, dos Santos MJ, Santos GM. Reference values and equations reference of balance for children of 8 to 12 years. Gait & Posture, 2018; 60: 122–127.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2017.11.004
13. Kidoń Z, Fiołka J. Analiza harmoniczna zespolonego sygnału stabilograficznego [Harmonic analysis of a complex-valued stabilographic signal]. Przegląd Elektrotechniczny, 2017; 93(4): 185–188.
https://doi.org/10.15199/48.2017.04.43 (in Polish)
14. Bukowska J. M, Krawczyński M, Jaszczur-Nowicki J. Human gait structure on stable and unstable surfaces. Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences, 2019; 87 (29). (in press)
https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.1273
15. Inoue K, Uematsu M, Maruoka H, Hara K, Kanemura N, Masuda T, Morita S. Influence of Lower Limb Muscle Fatigue on Balance Function. J. Phys. Ther. Sci., 2013; 25: 331– 335.
https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.25.331
16. Mańko G, Kruczkowski D, Niźnikowski T, Perliński J, Chantsoulis M, et al. The effect of programed physical activity measured with levels of body balance maintenance. Med Sci Monit, 2014; 20: 1841–1849.
https://doi.org/10.12659/MSM.889521
17. Mucha D, Ambroży T, Mucha D, Koteja P. Foot arch and distribution of ground pressure of feet of students of the Podhale State Higher Vocational School in Nowy Targ (PPWSZ). Security, Economy & Law, 2015; 4(9): 117–133.
18. Tae-Ho Kim, Chae-Woo Lee, Seong-Gil Kim, Byung-Wook An. The effect of a pelvis-concentrated exercise program on male college students’ body alignment and foot base pressure. J. Phys. Ther. Sci., 2015; 27: 1165–1167.
https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.27.1165
19. Sterkowicz S, Jaworski J, Lech G, Pałka T, Sterkowicz-Przybycień K, Bujas P, et al. Effect of Acute Effort on Isometric Strength and Body Balance: Trained vs. Untrained Paradigm, PLoS One, 2016; 11(5).
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0155985
20. Kruczkowski D, Jaszczur-Nowicki J, Tomiak T. Evaluating the body balance maintaining ability in the endurance effort context. In: Coordination motor abilities in scientific research (Jerzy Sadowski and Tomasz Niźnikowski ed.). Biała Podlaska: Józef Piłsudski Academy of Physical Education in Warsaw. Faculty of Physical Education; 2008. P.294–299.
21. Hyouk Hyong I, Ho Kang J. Comparison of dynamic balance ability in healthy university students according to foot shape. J. Phys. Ther. Sci., 2016; 28: 661–664.
https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.28.661
22. Zanevskyy IP, Nowak S. Balance control of the orthostatic body pose in physical education of students. Physical Education of Students, 2020; 24(1): 63–70.
https://doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2020.0108
23. Duygu A. Examining the Effect of Acute Whole-Body Vibration on Static and Dynamic Balance in Physical Education Students. Journal of Education and Learning, 2019; 8(5): 142–151.
https://doi.org/10.5539/jel.v8n5p142
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Published
2020-08-30
How to Cite
1.
Jaszczur-Nowicki J, Bukowska J, Kruczkowski D, Spieszny M, Pieniążek M, Mańko G. Analysis of students’ foot pressure distribution on the ground, as well as their body balance before and after exercise. Physical Education of Students. 2020;24(4):194-20. https://doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2020.0402
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